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''Ardisia crenata'' is a species of flowering plant in the primrose family, Primulaceae, that is native to East Asia. It is known by a variety of names such as Christmas berry, Australian holly, coral ardisia, coral bush, coralberry, coralberry tree, hen's-eyes, and spiceberry.〔〔("Ardisia crenata" ), "Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk", 1999. Retrieved on 24 November 2012.〕〔("''Ardisia crenata'' Sims" ), "Germplasm Resources Information Network", 2004. Retrieved on 29 November 2012〕 ''A. crenata'' is a compact shrub that reaches , often with a single stem. Leaves are dark green, thick, glossy, and have tightly waved edges The flowers are small, white or reddish, fragrant, and form clusters. The fruit is a glossy, bright red drupe. The seeds are able to germinate under a dense canopy and are dispersed by birds and humans. This invasive species was introduced to the United States in the early twentieth century as an ornamental species. It was observed to have escaped cultivation in 1982.〔(''Identification and Biology of Non-Native Plants in Florida's Natural Areas'' ) University of Florida, 1998.〕 Preparations made from the root of ''Ardisia crenata'' are used as an ingredient in traditional Chinese medicine.〔 *(School of Chinese Medicine database )〕 ==Description== Christmas berry is an upright perennial shrub that grows tall. It maintains a caespitose growth pattern and is often multi-trunked. Christmas berry prefers moist soil and germination can occur from pH 4 to pH 10. It does well in temperatures of 25°C and above.〔 Germination rates are as high as 98% after 40 days.〔 Its leaves are simple, alternate and measure up to 8 inches long. They are waxy and dark green with a crenate margin containing small calluses within the ridges. The leaf tips are acuminate and their petioles are 3–10 mm long. They have a central vein with up to 18 pairs of side veins.〔("Coral berry" ), "Weeds of Australia", 2011. Retrieved on 28 November 2012.〕 Flowers are white or pink with yellow anthers and grow in axillary clusters and are very often covered in multiple black spots. Plants begin to bear fruit two years after sprouting.〔 Christmas berry has an abundance of spherical, 1-seeded red berries of about 0.25 inches in diameter that remain on the plant throughout the year.〔Sellers, A., Langeland, K.A., Ferrell, J.A., Meisenberg, M., Walter, J., ("Identification and Control of Coral Ardisia(''Ardisia crenata''): A Potentially Poisonous Plant" ), "SS AGR 276", 2007. Retrieved on 24 November 2012.〕 The berry clusters often sag down below the glossy foliage.〔 Berries are dispersed by birds and, when present, raccoons through consumption and subsequent excretion and also by water flow.〔Langeland, K.A., Burks, K.C., ("ARDISIA CRENATA SIMS" ), "Identification and Biology of Non-Native Plants in Florida's Natural Areas", 1998. Retrieved on 28 November 2012.〕〔 There are suspicions that the plant may be poisonous to pets, livestock, and/or humans, but there has been no scientific confirmation of this.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Ardisia crenata」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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